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Multiple ChoiceBeginner 45s

Transaction outbox in modular monolith

A modular monolith writes to its database and then publishes an integration event to a broker. Messages are occasionally lost when the process crashes between the two steps. What is the correct fix?
Options
  1. 1Publish the event to the broker first, then write the state change to the database table
  2. 2Wrap both the database write and the broker publish in a distributed two-phase commit
  3. 3Write the event to a transactional outbox table in the same DB transaction, then relay it to the broker
  4. 4Retry the publish in a background thread a few times after the database commit returns

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