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Multiple ChoiceHard 45s

LSM tree read amplification tradeoff

Why do LSM-tree storage engines typically suffer higher read amplification than B-trees?
Options
  1. 1Because keys are stored uncompressed in each SSTable, so a read must decompress every block it touches before comparing
  2. 2Because a read may need to probe multiple SSTables and levels, plus bloom filters, before finding the key
  3. 3Because LSM trees cannot maintain secondary indexes, so every point lookup falls back to a full linear scan of the engine
  4. 4Because writes are batched in an in-memory table, so a read waits for background flushes before it can locate a committed key

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